Design, Synthesis, And Biological Evaluation of Compounds

Natural products with important biological properties that modulate the function of disease-related biomolecules have been steadily expanding and continue to be enriched as chemists discover natural products with important biological properties that modulate the function of disease-related biomolecules. By serving as leads for structural modification and optimization, such natural compounds have led to an astounding array of pharmaceuticals, either directly or indirectly. Natural products (i.e., secondary metabolites) and designed compounds are the two types of small organic molecules on which modern drug development efforts rely heavily (i.e., synthetic molecules). The biological effects of medicines are the basis for biological assessment approaches. Microorganisms, cells, and related biological factors are used to determine the efficacy or toxicity of drugs, and thus the quality of drugs is assessed. Experimental animals are used to obtain their tissues and organs for in vitro tests, and microorganisms, cells, and related biological factors are used to determine the efficacy or toxicity of drugs, and thus the quality of drugs is assessed. Biological procedures, in addition to chemical quality evaluation, are novel ways for quality control of natural herbal medicines, and offer the advantage of overall pharmacodynamic controllability.